Using Adjective Clauses (#7):
Types of Adjective Clauses
Clauses with Where and When
In addition to adjective clauses that begin with "normal"
relative pronouns (who, who[m], that, which, whose),
there are also adjective clauses that begin with where
and when.
Adjective clauses beginning with where add information
about a place, while adjective clauses beginning with
when add information about a time.
Examples:
1.
Where
The building is on Central Avenue.
Lena works in the building. --->
The building where Lena works
is on Central Avenue.*
Note:
The sentence with where has an adjective
clause: where Lena works. In the clause,
where is used in the same way as a relative
pronoun. The clause modifies the building.
_________________________________
The city is about 200 miles north of here.
Joe's family lives in the city. --->
The city where Joe's family lives is about
200 miles north of here.*
Note:
The sentence with where has an adjective
clause: where Joe's family lives. In the
clause, where is used in the same way as
a relative pronoun. The clauses modifies
the city.
_________________________________
They live in a building. There are many
apartments in the building. --->
They live in a building where there are
many apartments.*
Note:
In the sentence above, the adjective clause
is where there are many apartments.
The clause modifies a building.
2.
When
I'll always remember the day.
We met on the day. --->
I'll always remember the day
when we met.*
Note:
In the sentence above, the adjective
clause is when we met. The clause
modifies the day.
_________________________________
Autumn is the season. The leaves
of many trees change color during
the season. --->
Autumn is the season when the leaves
of many trees change color.*
Note:
In the sentence above, the adjective
clause is when the leaves of many trees
change color. The clause modifies
the season.
_________________________________
Thanksgiving is a holiday. Families like
to gather together on the holiday. --->
Thanksgiving is a holiday when families
like to gather together.*
Note:
This time the adjective clause is when
families like to gather together. The
clause modifies a holiday.
_____________________________________________
Special Notes:
1.
Do not use prepositions before either
where or when in an adjective clause:
wrong:
*The building in where Lena works
is on Central Avenue.
wrong:
*They live in a building in where
there are many apartments.
wrong:
*I'll always remember the day
on when we met.
wrong:
*Autumn is the season during when
the leaves of many trees change color.
2.
In very formal writing, you may, however,
use prepositions before which--but not
before that:
good:
The building in which Lena works
is on Central Avenue.
wrong:
*The building in that Lena works
is on Central Avenue
____________________________
good:
They live in a building in which
there are many apartments.
wrong:
*They live in a building in that
there are many apartments.
____________________________
good:
I'll always remember the day
on which we met.
wrong:
*I'll always remember the day
on that we met.
____________________________
good:
Autumn is the season during which
the leaves of many trees change color.
wrong:
*Autumn is the season during that
the leaves of many trees change color.
Source ESL CAFE
Types of Adjective Clauses
Clauses with Where and When
In addition to adjective clauses that begin with "normal"
relative pronouns (who, who[m], that, which, whose),
there are also adjective clauses that begin with where
and when.
Adjective clauses beginning with where add information
about a place, while adjective clauses beginning with
when add information about a time.
Examples:
1.
Where
The building is on Central Avenue.
Lena works in the building. --->
The building where Lena works
is on Central Avenue.*
Note:
The sentence with where has an adjective
clause: where Lena works. In the clause,
where is used in the same way as a relative
pronoun. The clause modifies the building.
_________________________________
The city is about 200 miles north of here.
Joe's family lives in the city. --->
The city where Joe's family lives is about
200 miles north of here.*
Note:
The sentence with where has an adjective
clause: where Joe's family lives. In the
clause, where is used in the same way as
a relative pronoun. The clauses modifies
the city.
_________________________________
They live in a building. There are many
apartments in the building. --->
They live in a building where there are
many apartments.*
Note:
In the sentence above, the adjective clause
is where there are many apartments.
The clause modifies a building.
2.
When
I'll always remember the day.
We met on the day. --->
I'll always remember the day
when we met.*
Note:
In the sentence above, the adjective
clause is when we met. The clause
modifies the day.
_________________________________
Autumn is the season. The leaves
of many trees change color during
the season. --->
Autumn is the season when the leaves
of many trees change color.*
Note:
In the sentence above, the adjective
clause is when the leaves of many trees
change color. The clause modifies
the season.
_________________________________
Thanksgiving is a holiday. Families like
to gather together on the holiday. --->
Thanksgiving is a holiday when families
like to gather together.*
Note:
This time the adjective clause is when
families like to gather together. The
clause modifies a holiday.
_____________________________________________
Special Notes:
1.
Do not use prepositions before either
where or when in an adjective clause:
wrong:
*The building in where Lena works
is on Central Avenue.
wrong:
*They live in a building in where
there are many apartments.
wrong:
*I'll always remember the day
on when we met.
wrong:
*Autumn is the season during when
the leaves of many trees change color.
2.
In very formal writing, you may, however,
use prepositions before which--but not
before that:
good:
The building in which Lena works
is on Central Avenue.
wrong:
*The building in that Lena works
is on Central Avenue
____________________________
good:
They live in a building in which
there are many apartments.
wrong:
*They live in a building in that
there are many apartments.
____________________________
good:
I'll always remember the day
on which we met.
wrong:
*I'll always remember the day
on that we met.
____________________________
good:
Autumn is the season during which
the leaves of many trees change color.
wrong:
*Autumn is the season during that
the leaves of many trees change color.
Source ESL CAFE
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